Over one year, overweight postmenopausal women on a calorie restriction diet, with or without exercise, showed reduced inflammatory markers compared to controls, while exercise alone showed smaller effects.
Reported an improvementRandomised trial · 438 women · 52 weeks · 2012PostmenopausalCited 193 timesPubMed
Postmenopausal women with type 2 diabetes did diet, exercise, or both for 14 weeks; CRP fell with all approaches but exercise alone changed weight and leptin only slightly.
Mixed resultsRandomised trial · 33 women · 14 weeks · 2005PostmenopausalCited 150 timesPubMed
Obese postmenopausal women did 6 months of hypocaloric diet with or without exercise; diet plus exercise, but not diet alone, lowered CRP and other inflammatory markers.
Reported an improvementRandomised trial · 34 women · 26 weeks · 2004PostmenopausalCited 149 timesPubMed
In 107 overweight postmenopausal women over 6 months, adding resistance training to calorie restriction reduced body fat more but did not further improve lipids, insulin or inflammation markers versus diet alone.
No difference foundRandomised trial · 107 women · 26 weeks · 2009PostmenopausalCited 87 timesPubMed
In overweight postmenopausal women, 16 weeks of weight loss mainly through exercise reduced CRP and leptin levels, with possibly greater effect on CRP than diet-induced weight loss.
Reported an improvementRandomised trial · 243 women · 16 weeks · 2016PostmenopausalCited 48 timesPubMed
Obese postmenopausal women following a calorie-restricted diet and exercise, with or without soy isoflavones, for 6 months showed lower leptin and TNF-alpha, with adiponectin rising only in the soy group.
Reported an improvementRandomised trial · 87 women · 26 weeks · 2011PostmenopausalCited 56 timesPubMed
Postmenopausal women did a 1-year diet and/or physical activity program, and inflammation marker CRP improved mainly with diet, not with physical activity alone.
No difference foundRandomised trial · 125 women · 52 weeks · 2010PostmenopausalCited 42 timesPubMed
Overweight postmenopausal women followed a calorie restricted diet with or without combined aerobic and anaerobic exercise for 12 weeks, and diet reduced clotting-related blood markers with no added effect from exercise.
No difference foundRandomised trial · 121 women · 12 weeks · 1996PostmenopausalCited 52 timesPubMed
Overweight postmenopausal women did a 12 month calorie restriction, aerobic exercise, or combined diet and exercise program; diet related arms showed greater drops in dietary inflammatory index, mostly explained by weight loss.
Mixed resultsRandomised trial · 365 women · 52 weeks · 2021PostmenopausalCited 20 timesPubMed
Postmenopausal women did exercise plus Mediterranean diet, with or without soy isoflavones, for 24 months; the soy group showed greater drops in fat mass, glucose, insulin and inflammation markers.
Reported an improvementRandomised trial · 65 women · 104 weeks · 2012PostmenopausalCited 30 timesPubMed
Overweight postmenopausal women lost weight via diet alone or exercise plus diet over 16 weeks, and fat loss was linked to favorable changes in sex hormones and inflammatory markers.
Mixed resultsRandomised trial · 243 women · 16 weeks · 2017PostmenopausalCited 20 timesPubMed
Overweight postmenopausal women did a year of diet, aerobic exercise, or both, and body weight, glucose and inflammation markers improved regardless of antidepressant use.
Reported an improvementRandomised trial · 439 women · 52 weeks · 2013PostmenopausalCited 13 timesPubMed
In a 24-month trial, postmenopausal women with high breast density doing moderate-intensity physical activity showed lower levels of two inflammatory markers than controls.
Reported an improvementRandomised trial · 234 women · 104 weeks · 2020PostmenopausalCited 11 timesPubMed
Obese postmenopausal women did aerobic treadmill exercise plus diet for 3 months and showed reduced inflammatory and endothelial markers versus no intervention.
Reported an improvementRandomised trial · 80 women · 12 weeks · 2016PostmenopausalCited 14 timesPubMed
Obese postmenopausal women on calorie restriction with or without aerobic exercise for 20 weeks lost similar weight and had similar reductions in a lipid-related blood marker, sLOX-1.
Direction not statedRandomised trial · 61 women · 20 weeks · 2011PostmenopausalCited 16 timesPubMed
Sedentary overweight or obese postmenopausal women underwent a diet based weight loss program with or without resistance training, and visceral fat measured by two methods decreased similarly after the intervention.
Direction not statedRandomised trial · 92 women · 2012PostmenopausalCited 6 timesPubMed
Overweight postmenopausal women added walking to a weight loss program and showed a 2% increase in femoral neck bone density versus weight loss alone, linked to reduced inflammatory markers.
Reported an improvementControlled trial · 86 women · 2009PostmenopausalCited 59 timesPubMed
Twenty postmenopausal women at risk for heart disease did a 2 week diet and daily walking program and showed reduced BMI, insulin, cholesterol, and some inflammatory markers.
Mixed resultsBefore-and-after study · 20 women · 2 weeks · 2004PostmenopausalCited 82 timesPubMed
A review reported that combined diet and aerobic plus strength exercise programmes showed promise for weight control and improved quality of life in breast cancer survivors.
Reported an improvementOther · 2012Midlife womenCited 162 timesPubMed